LILIA SHEVTSOVA： In the beginning of 1996； Yeltsin enjoyed only 5 percent of popularity。 He definitely needed financial assistance； financial resources from the rich people； the oligarchs。
LILIA SHEVTSOVA：在1996年初，叶利钦只有5％的拥护率，毫无疑问，他需要富商—寡头们的财务援助和财务资源。
NARRATOR： The government and the oligarchs needed each other； and they needed to move fast。 The government feared a munist eback； the oligarchs feared the loss of their fortunes。 The oligarchs hammered out a secret deal that would enable them to acquire key industries at a knockdown price。
旁白：政府和寡头们相互需要，而且他们必须迅速采取行动。政府担心共产主义的复辟，寡头们担心他们的财富会被剥夺。寡头们达成了一项秘密协议，使得他们能够以极低的价格获取一些关键的企业。
BORIS JORDAN： Potanin proposed a privatization program which today is still used。 It's exceptionally controversial； a loans…for…shares program； and that program entailed Russian business giving the government loans in return for taking the shares of strategic assets as collateral。 In fact； what ended up happening is most of these panies ended up getting sold back to the guy that actually provided the loan。
鲍里斯。乔丹（Boris Jordan）：波大林（Potanin）提议了一个私有化的计划，这个计划今天仍然在使用。这个计划是极具争议的，称为贷款换股票计划。这个计划使得俄罗斯商人可以以向政府提供贷款作为抵押的形式而获取战略性资产的股权。实际上，最终的结果是许多这样的公司最终就卖给了那些实际提供贷款的人。
NARRATOR： The oligarchs' money would help Yeltsin fight the presidential election。 In exchange； they wanted the manding heights。
旁白：寡头们提供的资金将帮助叶利钦赢得总统大选，作为交换，他们要求获得国家经济的制高点。
Chapter 20： Closing the Deal ＇3：50＇
第二十章： 交易的结束
ANATOLY CHUBAIS： The dilemma was not should we choose this way of privatization or another way which is more transparent； more open； more public。 The idea was； should we choose this way or nothing。
阿那特利。丘拜斯（Anatoly Chubais）：困难不在于我们是应该选择这种私有化的方式呢，还是该选择另一种更加透明、更加公开的私有化方式，实际的想法是我们应该选择这种方式私有化呢，还是什么都不干。
YEGOR GAIDAR： The point of the loans…for…shares deal was aimed at creating a critical mass of powerful and influential businessmen whose primary interest would be to prevent the munists from ing back。
尤戈。盖达（Yegor Gaidar）：贷款换股权交易的出发点旨在造就一大批强大和有影响力的商人，这些人的最初利益就是要阻止共产主义的复辟。
NARRATOR： With their media panies and wealth； the oligarchs backed Yeltsin's reelection campaign。 Singing and dancing endlessly across Russia； Yeltsin surged ahead in the polls and to victory。
旁白：通过他们的媒体公司和财富，寡头们支持了叶利钦竞选连任的运动，全俄罗斯载歌载舞，叶利钦在民意测验中大大胜出并赢得了选举。
Potanin entered Yeltsin's Cabinet； the oligarchs' direct voice in the Kremlin。 Potanin had won Norilsk Nickel； and with it； a third of the world's nickel。 For a pany with annual sales of ； Potanin paid 170 million。
波大林（Potanin）进入了叶利钦的内阁，成为寡头们在克里姆林宫的直接代言人，波大林（Potanin）拿下了诺里尔斯克镍厂（Norilsk Nickel），从而也拿下了这个厂的占全世界三分之一的镍产量。波大林（Potanin）只花了亿美元就买下了这个年销售额为25亿美元的公司。
VLADIMIR POTANIN： I felt a great feeling of victory。 Several years before； it was even difficult to think about struggling with Red Directors。 The struggle was won by us； by those who came who are younger； who are more active and more prepared for petition。 Many years later came feeling of a great responsibly for this； because when you win； you bee responsible for everything that is going on。 but it came a little bit later。
弗拉基米尔。波大林（Vladimir Potanin）：我感到了巨大的成就感。几年前，与红色领导人（Red Directors）斗争，这想起来都是困难的，我们赢了，新一代的年轻人赢了，更有活力更渴望竞争的人们赢了。许多年后，我感到了一种巨大的使命感，因为当你成功了，你就要为发生的一切事情负责了，但是这种使命感来得迟了些。
NARRATOR： To many； the loans…for…shares deal was more than a scandal； it was the theft of the century。 But it was a price Yeltsin was willing to pay to keep the munists out。
旁白：对于许多人来说，贷款换股权交易更多的是一个丑闻，它是整个世纪最大的一次盗窃。但是这是叶利钦为阻止共产主义所愿意付出的代价。
GRIGORY YAVLINSKY： The task was not to distribute the property between 10 personal friends； there were no need for that。 The task was to give the property to millions of people。
格里格利。叶维林斯基（Grigory Yavlinsky）：我们的任务不是在10个私人朋友之间瓜分财产，没有必要这么做，我们的任务是要让成百上千万的人民得到财产。
VLADIMIR POTANIN： We can say that it was artificially yes。 It was cheap； relatively cheap。 It was not transparent。 Yes。 But I think that it was difficult to avoid。 Maybe it was the only way。
弗拉基米尔。波大林（Vladimir Potanin）：我们可以说，这是人为的，是的，是人为的。是便宜，相当便宜，也不透明，是的，这些都是事实。但我想这是很难避免的，也许这是唯一的出路。
GRIGORY YAVLINSKY： The goals are justifying the means。 That's how the Bolsheviks made the revolution in Russia； and that is why it's disaster。 Always when you are using the formula that the goals are justifying the means； you are destroying the goals。
格里格利。叶维林斯基（Grigory Yavlinsky）：目标决定手段，这也是布尔什维克者进行革命的信条，也是导致灾难的原因。通常情况下，如果你用目标决定手段这一公式的话，你实际上是在毁掉目标。
NARRATOR： In Yeltsin's Russia； crony capitalism thrived。 For many； reform came to mean corruption； inflation； and inequality。 Then in 1998； Russia defaulted on its debts； and the stock market crashed。 The Yeltsin era ended with his abrupt resignation on New Year's Day 2000。
旁白：在叶利钦的俄罗斯，用人唯亲式的资本主义盛行，对许多人来说，改革成了腐败、通货膨胀、不平等的代名词。1998年，俄罗斯拖欠债务，股票市场崩溃了。随着叶利钦总统于2000年新年突然宣布辞职，俄罗斯的叶利钦时代结束了。
Chapter 21： A Decade of Radical Change ＇7：38＇
第二十一章： 激进改革的十年
Onscreen title： The New Century
字幕标题：新世纪
NARRATOR： By the start of the new millennium； the decade of radical change was over。 A world that not so long ago had looked to socialism； central planning； and protectionism now looked to the market。
旁白：到新千年开始时，激进改革的十年已经过去了，一个不久前曾经关注过社会主义，中央计划以及保护主义的世界，现在又转而关注市场了。
DANIEL YERGIN： It's breathtaking what's happened in the last 20 years or less。 It's as though the whole world has changed its mind。 Everywhere …… in India； China； Asia； Latin America； Europe； North America； and above all in the munist world …… governments have retreated from the manding heights of the economy。
丹尼尔。尤金（Daniel Yergin）：过去不到20年的时间里发生的事情是令人震惊的。就好象整个世界都改变了主意。整个世界无论哪儿—印度、中国、拉丁美洲、欧洲、北美—尤其是在共产主义世界—政府已经从经济的制高点上撤了下来。
NARRATOR： Having thrown off munism； the countries of Eastern Europe continued to embrace free markets。 Poland has flourished。 What's driving Poland are two million small businesses； almost all started after economic reform。
旁白：抛弃了共产主义，东欧的国家继续拥抱自由市场�