《制高点》

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制高点- 第43节


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  中国共产党的领导层已经接受了市场经济并对数千亿的国外投资持欢迎态度。占世界人口四分之一的人们首次进入了全球市场。
  Onscreen caption: Economic reforms lifted 300 million Chinese out of poverty。
  字幕:经济改革使3000万中国人口摆脱了贫穷。
  In villages across China and throughout the developing world; people left their rural homes。 They traveled to industrial towns; seeking work in new factories built to serve the global market。
  在中国和所有发展中国家的村落里,人们离开了他们的家园来到工业城市,在为全球市场服务的新工厂里寻找工作机会。
  The era of globalization saw the largest wave of human migration in history。 Eighty percent of the world's future economic growth is expected to occur in cities rather than the countryside。
  全球化时代经历了历史上最大了人口迁移浪潮。根据预测,未来世界经济增长中,有80%将来自于城市而不是农村。
  LIN SHENGXIN; Factory Worker; China: I was a schoolteacher in the countryside。 At that time I only earned 100 a month。 My parents are both farmers; so we lived a very poor life。 But now I'm earning 3;000 a month。 My life is totally different。 My child is going to school here; near the factory。 So we are living a much; much better life now。
  LIN SHENGXIN; 工厂工人,中国:我原是一名乡村教师。那时,我每月的收入只有100元,我的父母都是农民,所以我们的生活非常贫穷,但是,现在我每个月有3,000元的收入,我的生活完全改变了,我的孩子也在这里上学,在靠近工厂的一所学校里,我们现在的日子比以前好很多。
  Onscreen caption: Singapore
  字幕:新加坡
  NARRATOR: China's leaders hoped to emulate the ";tiger economies"; of Southeast Asia; where trade and investment had transformed once…impoverished nations。
  旁白:中国领导人希望仿效东南亚的“小虎经济模式”,在东南亚,贸易和投资已经完全改变了曾一度非常贫穷的国家。
  LEE KUAN YEW; Senior Minister of Singapore: When the British came here in 1819; they found a fishing village of about 120 people。 When the empire broke up; everybody wanted to do their own trading; and we could easily have withered on the vine。 So we just had to make ourselves relevant to the world。 And the countries that make themselves relevant bee better off; their people bee better off。 Those who opt out; they suffer。
  李光耀,新加坡高级部长:1819年英国人到达这里的时候,他们看到的是一个只有120人的小渔村。在英殖民帝国崩溃的时候,每个人都想进行他们自己的贸易,而我们可能会在这种情形下失败。所以,我们必须使自己成为这个世界的一部分。那些使自己相互关联的国家变的更加繁荣,他们的人民也更加富有。那些选择孤立在世界之外的国家则遭受到了痛苦。
  NARRATOR: Since the 1970s; the countries of Southeast Asia had bee became world…class exporters; shipping everything from cars to puters across the globe。
  旁白:自从20世纪70年代以来,东南亚国家已经变成了世界一流的出口国,把从汽车到电脑等产品运往全球各地。
  DANIEL YERGIN: They called it the Asian economic miracle because the world had not really seen that kind of economic growth; that many people brought out of poverty; that rapid a creation of a middle class so quickly anywhere in the history of the world。  DANIEL YERGIN:他们称之为亚洲经济奇迹,因为世界经济从来没有经历过如此的增长,许多人民脱离了贫困,中产阶级形成速度之快也是世界历史上从来没有过的。
  NARRATOR: By the mid…90s; many Asian economies were growing at the astonishing rate of 10 percent or more each year。
  旁白:直到90年代中期,许多亚洲经济体都还在以令人吃惊的速度增长——年度增长率达10%甚至更高。
  LEE HSIEN LOONG; Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore: There was a tremendous confidence and hope that this was the Asian century; and the place was being transformed; and you just had to put money there and it would grow on trees。
  李显龙,新加坡副总理:人们非常自信地认为并希望这将是亚洲的世纪,这个地区正在转型, 你只要把钱放在这儿,接着树上就会长出钱来
  DANIEL YERGIN: I remember the CEO of one major pany in about 1995 or so saying; ";If we're not investing in Asia tomorrow; we're too late。";
  DANIEL YERGIN:我记得在大约在1995年有一位大公司的首席执行官说过:“如果我们明天还没有将钱投资在亚洲地区,我们就太迟了。”
   。。

Chapter 10: The Japanese Paradox '3:01'
第十章: 日本的矛盾
  Onscreen caption: Tokyo; Japan
  字幕:东京,日本
  NARRATOR: Yet there was one big exception。 Japan; the world's second largest economy; had fallen into a deep; unexpected slump that shook the confidence of its people。
  旁白:但是,这里也有一个极大的例外——日本,世界第二大经济体——已经深深陷入了意外的衰退之中,这一衰退动摇了日本人民的自信心。
  KAORI MARUYA; Parliamentary Secretary for Foreign Affairs; Japan: Japan was in the so…called bubble economy; and at that time the Japanese people were not very careful about debt。 After the collapse of the bubble economy; people came back to reality and came down from their dreams。
  KAORI MARUYA; 日本外务省初级秘书; 日本:日本曾处在所谓的泡沫经济中,当时,日本民众对债务问题并不十分谨慎。在泡沫经济破灭之后,人们从梦境中醒来,重新回到现实之中。
  Onscreen caption: Japanese banks hold 1 trillion in bad debts。
  字幕:日本银行有1万亿美元的坏帐。
  NARRATOR: Japan's economy once looked unstoppable; but it was slow to adapt to the rapid changes of a fast…moving; interconnected world。
  旁白:日本经济曾一度看起来势不可挡,但是,在接纳这个快速移动、互相联系的世界所发生的迅猛变化的时候,日本动作缓慢。
  EISUKE SAKAKIBARA; Vice Minister of Finance; Japan; 1997…1999: Japan is a very sort of parochial and very closed economy; there's no question about it。 Walk around the Japanese cities; you don't see many foreigners。
  EISUKE SAKAKIBARA; 大藏省次长; 日本,1997…1999:日本是一个地域狭小的国家,经济非常封闭,这一点毋庸质疑。在日本城市中闲逛的时候,你不会看到很多外国人。
  NARRATOR: Japan; the great exporter; protected its domestic industries。 At the heart of the country's economic problems lay a contradiction。
  旁白:最大的出口国——日本——对国内工业实施保护政策。在此国家的经济问题的中心存在着一个矛盾
  EISUKE SAKAKIBARA: One sector of the Japanese economy is an export…oriented sector which is highly petitive; consisting of Toyotas and Sonys。 And the other is domestic manufacturing sector which is extremely unpetitive。 We have a market…oriented capitalistic system on the one hand; we have a very socialistic; egalitarian sector on the other。
  EISUKE SAKAKIBARA:日本经济的一个部分是以出口为导向的产业部门,竞争非常激烈,包括丰田和索尼等公司。其它部门为国内制造产业,竞争极小。一方面,我们有以市场为导向的资本主义体系,而另一方面,我们也有社会主义的、平均主义的产业部门。
  NARRATOR: In Japan; government bureaucrats managed a highly regulated economy。 As Masahisa Naitoh was to learn; ideas about change met with profound skepticism。
  旁白:在日本,政府官僚们对经济实施高度调控。正如Masahisa Naitoh曾学到的那样,变革观念受到了极大的怀疑。
  MASAHISA NAITOH; Ministry of Trade and Industry; Japan; 1961…1993: I wanted to deregulate our financial system。 The new global markets of the 1990s created a new reality。 I said we had to change for Japan to thrive in the new world economy。 My colleagues in the government criticized me。 They said that it was in the best interest of Japan that my ideas be destroyed。 MASAHISA NAITOH,通产省,日本,1961
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