mostly economists； some historians； and a few journalists； a handful of what he regarded as survivors； good eggs； good intellectuals； who understood the market economy and the whole of the case。
RALPH HARRIS：1947年哈耶克终于完成了这个伟大的梦想，与会者有36个人－主要是经济学家，还有一些历史学家和新闻记者，一群他认为是幸存者、趣味相投的人、好知识分子，他们理解市场经济，明白整个情形。
MILTON FRIEDMAN； Professor Emeritus； University of Chicago： This was Hayek's belief and the belief of other people who joined him there； that freedom was in serious danger。
弗里德曼（MILTON FRIEDMAN），芝加哥大学名誉退休教授：这是哈耶克的信仰，也是加入他团体的那些人的信仰－自由正处于极度危险之中。
NARRATOR： One of the delegates was a young economist from Chicago； Milton Friedman。
旁白：其中一位代表是来自芝加哥的年轻经济学家－Milton Friedman。
MILTON FRIEDMAN： The point of the meeting was very clear。 Hayek and others felt that the world was turning toward planning and that somehow we had to develop an intellectual current that would offset that movement。
弗里德曼：会议的宗旨非常明确。哈耶克和其他人认为世界正朝着中央计划的方向转变，而我们必须以某种方式来形成一种思潮以抵消这种运动。
NARRATOR： They met downstairs in the cocktail bar。 The room and its furniture are not much changed。
旁白：他们在鸡尾酒吧的楼下相遇。这个房间和里面的家具没什么变化。
RALPH HARRIS： The whole world was shadowed by the Iron Curtain； the Russian threat； by the failure to establish democracies in the Eastern European countries and by the prevalence everywhere intellectually of these ideas of collectivism arising from the war。 The argument always was that democracy is impossible without a free economy。 You need a free economy； free economy is a necessary though not a sufficient condition for democracy。
RALPH HARRIS：整个世界都笼罩在铁幕的阴影之下，还有俄国的威胁、在东欧国家建立民主政府的失败以及战时出现的集体主义思想的流行。争论总是围绕没有自由经济是否也可能有民主政府而展开。你需要自由经济；自由经济是民主的必要而非充分条件。
NARRATOR： The debates were passionate。 At one point； Hayek's former mentor； Ludwig von Mises； stormed out of a meeting。
旁白：人们充满热情地展开辩论。有一次，哈耶克以前的导师－Ludwig von Mises－怒气冲冲地离开了会场。
MILTON FRIEDMAN： In the middle of a debate on the subject of distribution of ine； in which you had people who you would hardly call socialist or egalitarian； people like myself； Mises got up and said； "；You're all a bunch of socialists；"； and walked right out of the room。 （laughs）
弗里德曼：在一次关于收入分配的辩论中，参加辩论的人有一些几乎不能被称之为社会主义者或者平等主义者，还有象我这样的人。Mises站起来说：“你们是一群社会主义者，”然后径直走出了屋子。（笑）
NARRATOR： But Hayek told the meeting that they had one great lesson to learn from the socialists。
旁白：但是哈耶克告诉与会者他们从社会主义者身上可以学到很多东西。
RALPH HARRIS： Hayek paid enormous tribute to the socialist intellectuals and said that the great strength of the socialists is that they had the courage； he said； to be idealistic； to have a theory； to have a project； to have a vision； and to go on working towards that； through thick and thin。
RALPH HARRIS：哈耶克极力赞扬信仰社会主义的知识分子，说他们最大的力量在于他们有勇气去空想；然后不畏艰险地朝着这个理论、计划和幻想努力。
NARRATOR： As the meeting came to an end； Hayek predicted a long fight； a battle of ideas that might last 20 years or more； before the world changed its mind。 In the meantime； Hayek could see only one gleam of light。
旁白：会议将要结束时，哈耶克预言在世界主流思想改变之前将有一场长期的斗争，可能要持续二十年或者更久。在这期间，哈耶克只能看到一点曙光。
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Chapter 9： Germany's Bold Move ＇4：11＇
第九章：德国的大胆前进
Onscreen title： Berlin； 1947
字幕标题：柏林，1947年
NARRATOR： The war left Germany in ruins。 Its economy had disintegrated。 Markets had broken down。 Shops were empty。 Already the Russians occupied East Germany and were waiting for the rest to fall into their lap。 In the American and British occupation zones； raging hyperinflation had made the German currency worthless。
旁白：战争使德国成为一片废墟。经济崩溃，市场分割，商店里空空荡荡。俄国人已经占领了东德，正等待着吞没其他地区。在美国和英国占领区，恶性通货膨胀已经使德国通货急剧贬值。
In the winter of 1948； the Allies appointed as director of economic affairs a rotund； cigar…chomping economist named Ludwig Erhard。 A staunch anti…Nazi； Erhard was a free…market economist who shared many of Hayek's beliefs and ideas。 He also believed the Allies' economic rules were making a bad situation worse。
1948年冬天，盟国任命一位名叫路德维希？埃哈德的经济学家担任经济管理部门主管。埃哈德是一名坚定的反纳粹主义者，还是一位自由市场派经济学家，他的许多信仰和思想与哈耶克相同。他还坚信盟国的经济规则使糟糕的情况变得更加坏。
MILTON FRIEDMAN： The occupying authorities had imposed a system under which there were extensive wage and price controls； supposedly to control inflation； but of course wage and price controls never control inflation。 And you had essentially an economy that was brought to a halt。
弗里德曼：占领方当局强制推行了一种体制，在这个体制中广泛存在着工资和价格控制，他们想象可以以此来控制通货膨胀。但是工资和价格控制当然永远不能控制通货膨胀。经济基本上已经陷入了停滞状态。
ALFRED BOSCH； Economist and Friend of Hayek： In this situation the black markets formed； and American cigarettes were its form of currency。
ALFRED BOSCH，经济学家，哈耶克的朋友：在这种情况下，黑市产生了，美国香烟成了通货。
MILTON FRIEDMAN： Nobody smoked cigarettes。 They were for small transactions。 Cognac was a medium of circulation for large transactions。
弗里德曼：没有人抽香烟，它们被用于小笔交易。科涅克白兰地则成为大宗买卖的交易媒介。
NARRATOR： The Allies introduced a new currency； the Deutsche Mark； to replace the worthless German money。 But for Erhard； that was not enough。 So without informing the Allies； Erhard went on the radio and made a startling announcement。
旁白：盟国发行了新的通货－德国马克－以取代已经一文不值的旧通货。但是对埃哈德来说，这还不够。因此在没有知会盟国的情况下，埃哈德在电台访谈中抢先宣布了这一消息。
KARL OTTO POHL： Ludwig Erhard； a legendary man； he decided； without asking anybody and against the will of the American occupation powers； he decided to give up all price controls。
KARL OTTO POHL：在没有征求任何人意见和违背美国占领当局的意愿的情况下，路德维希？埃哈德这位传奇人物决定废除所有价格控制。
NARRATOR： Next day； Gen。 Lucius Clay； the man in charge of occupied Germany； demanded to know what Erhard thought he was doing。
旁白：第二天，卢休斯？克莱将军－德国占领区的负责人－要求知道埃哈德如何看待对自己正在做的事情。
ALFRED BOSCH： Clay said； "；What have you done？ You have changed the Allied price controls。"； Erhard replied； "；Herr General； I haven't changed them； I've abolished them。"； And Clay said； "；My advisors tell me it is a big mistake。"； Erhard replied； "；Herr General； my advisors tell me the same thing。"；
ALFRED BOSCH：克莱说：“你做了什么？你改动了盟国的价格控制。”埃哈德回答说：“将军先生，我没有改动他�